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- $Unique_ID{BRK03778}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Goldenhar Syndrome}
- $Subject{Goldenhar Syndrome Goldenhar-Gorlin Syndrome OAV Syndrome Dysostosis
- mandibulofacial with epibulbar dermoids Mandibulofacial dysostosis-epibulbar
- dermoids Oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia Facioauriculovertebral anomaly
- Oculovertebral dysplasia Auriculovertebral Syndrome Facio-Auriculo-Vertebral
- Spectrum Spina Bifida Treacher-Collins Syndrome}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 346:
- Goldenhar Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Goldenhar Syndrome) is not
- the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the
- alternate names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders covered by
- this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Goldenhar-Gorlin Syndrome
- OAV Syndrome
- Dysostosis, mandibulofacial with epibulbar dermoids
- Mandibulofacial dysostosis-epibulbar dermoids
- Oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia
- Facioauriculovertebral anomaly
- Oculovertebral dysplasia
- Auriculovertebral Syndrome
- Facio-Auriculo-Vertebral Spectrum
-
- Information about the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Treacher-Collins Syndrome
- Spina Bifida
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Goldenhar Syndrome is a group of symptoms involving craniofacial and
- spinal bone (vertebral) malformations that are present at birth. Seventy
- percent of those affected are males. Various degrees of hearing and/or
- vision loss with associated speech and feeding difficulties may be expected
- in Goldenhar Syndrome. Moderate mental retardation may occur in
- approximately ten percent of cases. The prognosis is generally good. A
- normal life span can be expected by those affected with this congenital
- disorder.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The primary symptoms of Goldenhar Syndrome involve unusual facial
- characteristics. The facial structure of people with Goldenhar Syndrome may
- include partial absence of the upper eyelid or an unusual slant of the
- eyelid, abnormal shape of the skull (asymmetry), the forehead may be sharply
- prominent, the nostrils may be absent or closed, the roof of the mouth may be
- abnormally structured (cleft palate), and there may be abnormal growth of the
- jaw. Paralysis of the eye muscles (ophthalmoplegia) may also occur. Other
- symptoms may include skin-like cysts on the eyeballs (epibulbar dermoids),
- cysts in fatty tissue (lipodermoids) at the edge of the eye, and unusual skin
- growths on the ears (auricular appendices in the form of ear tags).
-
- Spinal column (vertebrae) abnormalities may include fusion of the top of
- the spine to the lower edge of the skull, spina bifida, incomplete
- development of one side of the spinal column and more than the normal number
- of vertebrae.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Goldenhar Syndrome is unknown. It is considered to be a
- birth defect caused by unknown disturbances in fetal development.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Goldenhar Syndrome is present at birth. Approximately seventy percent of
- cases occur in males. It is a very rare congenital disorder.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Treacher-Collins Syndrome is a hereditary disorder transmitted as a dominant
- trait. This disorder involves arrested jaw development causing obstruction
- of the pharynx by the tongue, which can result in difficulty breathing.
- Treacher-Collins Syndrome is marked by defects in development of certain
- areas of the prenatal brain. The prognosis for this disorder is good. (For
- more information on this disorder, Choose "Treacher-Collins" as your search
- term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- "Spina Bifida" is a term meaning "open (or nonfused) spine". The term
- includes multiple entities with varying problems. In spina bifida, one or
- more of the individual bones of the spine fail to close completely, leaving a
- cleft or defect in the spinal canal. Through this abnormal opening part of
- the contents of the spinal canal can protrude or herniate. This produces a
- meningocele or a meningomyelocele. (For more information on this disorder,
- choose "Spina Bifida" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Goldenhar Syndrome is treated with surgery to correct the spinal and/or
- facial deformities. Continuous medical evaluation is useful to determine
- which form of surgery may be appropriate at different ages in a patients
- life. Associated speech-language therapy and special education services may
- be of benefit to children with Goldenhar Syndrome. Additionally, supportive
- counseling may be necessary to help a child cope with the social stigma of
- living with a facial handicap.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Advances in tissue and bone grafts are under investigation which may be
- useful in treating patients with Goldenhar Syndrome. For more information on
- organizations which monitor these advances, please see the Resources section
- of this report.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- September 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Goldenhar Syndrome, please contact
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Forward Face
- 560 First Ave.
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 263-5205
- (800) 422-FACE
-
- Orafacial Outreach
- 13962 Wake Ave.
- Irvine, CA 92718
- (714) 651-6151
-
- The Hemifacial Microsomia Family Support Network
- 84 Glennifer Hill Rd.
- Richboro, PA 19854
- (215) 364-3199
-
- or
-
- The Hemifacial Microsomia/Goldenhar Syndrome Family Support Network
- RR #2, Box 248
- Nicholson, PA 18446
- (717) 942-6171
-
- International Center for Skeletal Dysplasia
- St. Joseph Hospital
- 7620 York Road
- Towson, MD 21204
- (301) 337-1250
-
- Society for the Rehabilitation of the Facially Disfigured, Inc.
- 550 First Avenue
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 340-5400
-
- FACES
- National Association for the Craniofacially Handicapped
- P.O. Box 11082
- Chattanooga, TN 37401
- (615) 266-1632
-
- National Craniofacial Foundation
- 3100 Carlisle Street, Suite 215
- Dallas, TX 75204
- 1-800-535-3643
-
- Orofacial Guild
- 3144 E. Jacarda
- Orange, CA 92667
-
- Let's Face It
- Box 711
- Concord, MA 01742
- (508) 371-3186
-
- About Face
- 99 Crowns Lane
- Toronto, Ontario M6R 3PA
- Canada
- (416) 944-3223
-
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5133
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- GOLDENHAR'S SYNDROME: A CASE STUDY: L. Belenchia; J Commun Disord (October
- 1985, issue 18(5)). Pp. 383-392.
-
- CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF THE PORTAL VEIN IN OCULOAURICULOVERTEBRAL DYSPLASIA
- (GOLDENHAR SYNDROME): J.H. Seashore, et. al., Pediatr Radiol (1986, issue
- 16(5)). Pp.437-439.
-
- THE USE OF MICROVASCULAR FREE FLAPS FOR SOFT TISSUE AUGMENTATION OF THE
- FACE IN CHILDREN WITH HEMIFACIAL MICROSOMIA: La Rossa; Cleft Palate J
- (April 1980, issue 17(2)). Pp. 138-143.
-
-